Health in the Americas 2022

Sources of the interagency indicators used
Indicator Source
Cumulative cases of COVID-19, per million population Pan American Health Organization. COVID-19 trends. Washington, DC: PAHO; 2022. Available from: https://shiny.pahobra.org/wdc/.
Cumulative deaths from COVID-19, per million population Pan American Health Organization. COVID-19 trends. Washington, DC: PAHO; 2022. Available from: https://shiny.pahobra.org/wdc/.
Human rabies cases Pan American Health Organization. Country data collection, 2021.
Antenatal care coverage, percentage UNICEF. UNICEF Data Warehouse; 2020 (cited 15 Jan 2022). Available at: https://data.unicef.org.
Immunization coverage of the first dose of the triple viral vaccine in 1-year-old girls and boys, percentage Pan American Health Organization. Country data collection, 2021.
Internet coverage, percentage of population World Bank. World Bank Open Data. World Bank: Washington, DC: 2021. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/.
Life expectancy at birth, in years United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects 2022. New York: United Nations; 2019. Available at: https://population.un.org/wpp/.
Excess mortality, per 100,000 population World Health Organization. Global excess deaths associated with COVID-19 (modelled estimates). Geneva: WHO; 2022. Available at: https://bit.ly/3v2v8nM.
Out-of-pocket health expenditure as a percentage of total health expenditure World Health Organization. Global Health Expenditure Database. Geneva: WHO; 2021. Available at: https://apps.who.int/nha/database/Home/Index/en.
Public expenditure on health as a percentage of total public expenditure World Health Organization. Global Health Expenditure Database. Geneva: WHO; 2021. Available at: https://apps.who.int/nha/database/Home/Index/en.
Public expenditure on health as a percentage of gross domestic product World Health Organization. Global Health Expenditure Database. Geneva: WHO; 2021. Available at: https://apps.who.int/nha/database/Home/Index/en.
Tuberculosis incidence, per 100,000 population World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report 2020. Geneva: WHO; 2020. Available at: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240013131.
Potential Dependency Index United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects 2022. New York: United Nations; 2022. Available at: https://population.un.org/wpp/.
Human Development Index Programa de las United Nations para el Desarrollo. Informe sobre Desarrollo Humano 2020: La próxima frontera. El desarrollo humano y el Antropoceno. New York: PNUD; 2020. Available at: https://report.hdr.undp.org/en/index.html.
Exclusive breastfeeding in children under 6 months, percentage World Health Organization. The Global Health Observatory. Infants exclusively breastfed for the first six months of life (%). Geneva: WHO; 2021. Available at: https://bit.ly/3ySY82H.
Under-5 mortality per 1000 live births UNICEF. UNICEF Data Warehouse; 2020 (cited 15 Jan 2022). Available at: https://data.unicef.org
Deaths due to acute diarrheal disease in children under 5, percentage World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Deaths due to acute respiratory infection in children under 5, percentage World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Dentists, per 10,000 population Pan American Health Organization. Country data collection, 2021.
Births attended by trained personnel, percentage UNICEF. UNICEF Data Warehouse; 2020 [cited 15 Jan 2022). Available at : https://data.unicef.org
Medical personnel, per 10,000 population Pan American Health Organization. Country data collection, 2021.
Low birth weight (<2500 g), percentage UNICEF. UNICEF Data Warehouse; 2020 (cited 15 Jan 2022). Available at: https://data.unicef.org
Total population United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects 2022. New York: United Nations; 2022. Available at: https://population.un.org/wpp/.
Percentage of the population vaccinated against COVID-19 Ritchie H, Mathieu E, Rodés-Guirao L, Appel C, Giattino C, Ortiz-Ospina E, et al. Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19). [sin lugar]: OurWorldInData.org; 2020. Available at: https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus.
Population fully vaccinated against COVID-19, percentage Ritchie H, Mathieu E, Rodés-Guirao L, Appel C, Giattino C, Ortiz-Ospina E, et al. Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19). [sin lugar]: OurWorldInData.org; 2020. Available at: https://ourworldindata.org/coronavirus.
Children under 5 vaccinated, percentage United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects 2022. New York: United Nations; 2022. Available at: https://population.un.org/wpp/.
Persons aged 15 to 64, percentage United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects 2022. New York: United Nations; 2022. Available at: https://population.un.org/wpp/.
Persons over 65, percentage United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects 2022. New York: United Nations; 2022. Available at: https://population.un.org/wpp/.
Prevalence of insufficient physical activity in adults and adolescents, percentage World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Prevalence of current tobacco smoking in adults and adolescents, percentage World Health Organization. Youth surveys-tobacco use and smoking. Geneva: WHO; 2021. Available at: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-HEP-HPR-TFI-2021.11.3.
Prevalence of elevated glucose or diabetes mellitus in adults, percentage World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Prevalence of high blood pressure in the population aged 18 and over, percentage World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Prevalence of overweight and obesity in adults, percentage World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Mean years of schooling United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). UIS.Stat. Montreal: UIS; 2021. Available from: https://uis.unesco.org.
Estimated maternal mortality ratio per 100,000 live births World Health Organization, Fondo de las United Nations para la Infancia, Fondo de Población de las United Nations, World Bank. Trends in maternal mortality 2000 to 2017: estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.unfpa.org/featured-publication/trends-maternal-mortality-2000-2017.
Female/male ratio United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects 2022. New York: United Nations; 2022. Available at: https://population.un.org/wpp/.
Ratio of older adults/children United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects 2022. New York: United Nations; 2022. Available at: https://population.un.org/wpp/.
Adult literacy rate (men), percentage United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). UIS.Stat. Montreal: UIS; 2021. Available from: https://uis.unesco.org.
Adult literacy rate (women), percentage United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). UIS.Stat. Montreal: UIS; 2021. Available from: https://uis.unesco.org.
Unemployment rate (men), percentage World Bank. World Bank Open Data. World Bank: Washington, DC: 2021. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/.
Unemployment rate (women), percentage World Bank. World Bank Open Data. World Bank: Washington, DC: 2021. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/.
Adolescent birth rate (per 1000 women aged 15–19) United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects 2022. New York: United Nations; 2022. Available at: https://population.un.org/wpp/.
Poverty incidence rate, based on the national poverty line, percentage World Bank. World Bank Open Data. World Bank: Washington, DC: 2021. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/.
Poverty incidence rate, based on US$ 1.90 per day (2011 purchasing power parity), percentage World Bank. World Bank Open Data. World Bank: Washington, DC: 2021. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/.
Age-adjusted overall mortality rate per 1000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Infant mortality, per 1000 live births UNICEF. UNICEF Data Warehouse; 2020 (cited 15 Jan 2022). Available at: https://data.unicef.org.
Age-adjusted road traffic accident mortality rate per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted mortality rate from colorectal cancer in men per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted mortality rate from colorectal cancer in women per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted breast cancer mortality rate per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted prostate cancer mortality rate per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted lung cancer mortality rate in men per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted lung cancer mortality rate in women per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted mortality rate from external causes in men per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted mortality rate from external causes in women per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted mortality rate from noncommunicable diseases in men per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted mortality rate from noncommunicable diseases in women per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted mortality rate from communicable diseases in men per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted mortality rate from communicable diseases in women per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted homicide mortality rate per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted suicide mortality rate per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted tuberculosis mortality rate in men per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted tuberculosis mortality rate in women per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted HIV mortality rate per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted potentially avoidable premature mortality rate per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted potentially preventable premature mortality rate per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted potentially treatable premature mortality rate per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Rate of new HIV diagnoses per 100 000 population Pan American Health Organization. Country data collection, 2021.
Total fertility rate (children per woman) United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects 2022. New York: United Nations; 2022. Available at: https://population.un.org/wpp/.
Total adult literacy rate, percentage United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). UIS.Stat. Montreal: UIS; 2021. Available from: https://uis.unesco.org.
Total unemployment rate, percentage World Bank. World Bank Open Data. World Bank: Washington, DC: 2021. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/.
Age-adjusted total mortality rate from external causes, per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted total mortality rate from noncommunicable diseases per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted total mortality rate from communicable diseases per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.
Age-adjusted total tuberculosis mortality rate from external causes per 100 000 population World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory. Global Health Estimates, 2019. Geneva: WHO; 2019. Available at: https://www.who.int/data/global-health-estimates.